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| Illustration by K. Romney Towndrow |
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I have previously written about Morris's reworking of a short Welsh folk tale into the story "Sion ap Siencyn", in not one but two blog posts at one of my other blogs,
A Shiver in the Archives, in a time before I started this Kenneth Morris blog. The two posts are accessible
here and
here.
Now I'd like to post the original inspiration for Morris's excellent tale "Red-Peach-Blossom Inlet", which first appeared in
The Theosophical Path for October 1916, and was collected in
The Secret Mountain and Other Tales (1926), where it was accompanied by a wonderful illustration by K. Romney Towndrow (reproduced at right).
The first survey of Chinese literature to be published in English was
A History of Chinese Literature (1901), by Herbert A. Giles. Morris may have had another source, but I copy here a few paragraphs from Giles's book giving the germ of the story which Morris elaborated upon in his tale.
We now reach a name which is still
familiar to all students of poetry in the Middle Kingdom. T’ao
Ch’ien (A.D. 365-427), or T’ao Yüan-ming as he was called in
early life, after a youth of poverty obtained an appointment as
magistrate. But he was unfitted by nature for official life; all he
wanted, to quote his own prayer, was “length of years and depth of
wine.” He only held the post for eighty-three days, objecting to
receive a superior officer with the usual ceremonial on the ground
that “he could not crook the hinges of his back for five pecks of
rice a day,” such being the regulation pay of a magistrate. He then
retired into private life and occupied himself with poetry, music,
and the culture of flowers, especially chrysanthemums, which are
inseparably associated with his name. In the latter pursuit he was
seconded by his wife, who worked in the back garden while he worked
in the front. . . .
The “Peach-blossom Fountain” of Tao
Ch’ien is a well-known and charming allegory, a form of literature
much cultivated by Chinese writers. It tells how a fisherman lost his
way among the creeks of a river, and came upon a dense and lovely
grove of peach-trees in full bloom, through which he pushed his boat,
anxious to see how far the grove extended.
“He found that the peach-trees ended
where the water began, at the foot of a hill; and there he espied
what seemed to be a cave with light issuing from it. So he made fast
his boat, and crept in through a narrow entrance, which shortly
ushered him into a new world of level country, of fine houses, of
rich fields, of fine pools, and of luxuriance of mulberry and bamboo.
Highways of traffic ran north and south; sounds of crowing cocks and
barking dogs were heard around; the dress of the people who passed
along or were at work in the fields was of a strange cut; while young
and old alike appeared to be contented and happy.”
He is told that the ancestors of these
people had taken refuge there some five centuries before to escape
the troublous days of the “First Emperor,” and that there they
had remained, cut off completely from the rest of the human race. On
his returning home the story is noised abroad, and the Governor sends
out men to find this strange region, but the fisherman is never able
to find it again. The gods had permitted the poet to go back for a
brief span to the peach-blossom days of his youth. (From pages
128-131)